
July 17 2025 – Thunder of Iron – How the Battle of Castillon Forged Modern Innovation
Imagine standing on a gentle slope in southwestern France as dawn breaks. A haze of smoke curls over the fields. In the distance, steel wheels grind forward, hurling thunderbolts of iron at an approaching army. This was Castillon on July 17, 1453—the day gunpowder forever changed the world. Beyond swords and armor, it was artillery […]








